InsectNet forum

Three subspecies in my collection.
Picture one. Papilio karna karna pair. Java.
Picture two. Papilio karna discordia pair. Sumatra
Picture three. Male Papilio karna irauana. Palawan.
I don't have a female of subspecies iruana.

P. karna carnatus female

P. karna irauana female

Lovely females hewi. Thanks for sharing.

Thanks for the superb photos, both of you.

This species diverged from the mainland Asian P. paris ancestor after that had diverged from the ancestral P. arjuna. That is the main reason it was necessary to confirm P. arjuna as a separate species to P. paris.

Basically you cannot have one species inside the tree of another.

Adam.